What does a forensic linguist analyze?

A forensic linguist analyzes the language used in written or spoken communication to assist in criminal cases. This field combines knowledge of linguistics with the requirements of the legal system, focusing on aspects such as word choice, syntax, semantics, and discourse. By examining these elements, a forensic linguist can provide insights into authorship attribution, the intent behind statements, and the clarity or ambiguity of language in legal documents or witness statements. This can be crucial in criminal investigations, as it helps to clarify communications and can also aid in resolving disputes regarding language interpretation in testimonies.

In contrast, the other options involve different areas of expertise. Analyzing physical evidence from crime scenes pertains to forensic science, which focuses on tangible items that can be tested and examined in a laboratory. Evaluating body language during interrogations falls under behavioral analysis or psychology, and studying geographic patterns of criminal activity relates to crime mapping and analysis, which helps in understanding criminal trends and hotspots. Each of these fields contributes to the broader investigation process but does not encompass the specific focus of forensic linguistics.