What does exculpatory evidence refer to?

Exculpatory evidence refers to information or evidence that suggests a suspect's innocence, ultimately casting doubt on their guilt. It plays a crucial role in the legal process, as it can significantly impact the outcome of a case. By demonstrating that a suspect may not have committed the crime in question, this type of evidence can help to establish reasonable doubt in the minds of judges or juries.

For instance, if a defendant has an alibi supported by witnesses or surveillance footage showing they were elsewhere at the time of the crime, that would serve as exculpatory evidence. It is essential for ensuring a fair trial, as it upholds the principle that a defendant is presumed innocent until proven guilty. In contrast, other types of evidence, such as those that support a suspect’s guilt or those that bolster the prosecution’s case, do not serve to exculpate and could potentially affirm the allegations against the suspect.