Which type of evidence includes documents, emails, or recordings?

Documentary evidence is specifically defined as evidence that is presented in the form of documents, including written records like contracts, emails, reports, and recordings. This type of evidence is crucial in investigations because it provides direct proof of facts and can establish a timeline of events, agreements, or communications.

For instance, emails can show the intent or knowledge of individuals involved in a matter, while recorded conversations may provide direct evidence of criminal activity or confirm statements made by witnesses. Documentary evidence is often viewed as reliable and objective since it refers to tangible, verifiable records that can support or refute claims made during an investigation or legal proceeding.

Other types of evidence, such as circumstantial evidence, do not directly prove a fact but rather suggest it through inference. Physical evidence consists of tangible items collected at a crime scene, like fingerprints or weapons, while testimonial evidence involves statements made by witnesses under oath. Each type of evidence plays a vital role in building a case, but documentary evidence has a distinct emphasis on written or recorded materials that provide clear and observable information.